What is frozen shoulder?

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that causes pain, stiffness, and limited mobility in the shoulder joint. It occurs when the capsule that surrounds the shoulder joint becomes thick, tight, and inflamed, making it difficult to move the arm.

The exact cause of frozen shoulder is not known, but it often develops after a period of immobilization or limited mobility, such as after an injury or surgery. People with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes or thyroid problems, are also more likely to develop frozen shoulder.

The symptoms of frozen shoulder typically develop gradually and can last for months or even years. The condition progresses through three stages:

1. Freezing stage: Pain gradually increases and the shoulder becomes stiff, making it difficult to move the arm.

2. Frozen stage: Pain may decrease, but the shoulder remains stiff, making it difficult to move the arm in any direction.

3. Thawing stage: Range of motion slowly improves and pain gradually subsides.

Treatment for frozen shoulder typically includes physical therapy, pain management, and exercises to help improve range of motion. In some cases, corticosteroid injections or surgery may be necessary to help improve symptoms.